The broad contours of the future we face are widely understood. But the detail comes from projections, and these live in silos. What if we assemble the data to let it tell its own story?

Probability Timeline
Environmental
Energy & Industry
Social & Health
Economic
Policy
Technology
Demographic
Global GDP growth averages 2.5% for decade, lowest since 1960s
Arctic ice-free in summer for first time
World’s largest (3.6GW) wind farm opens in North Sea
World’s largest (8GW) solar farm opens in Ordos, Inner Mongolia
CNESA, 2025
Households across Australia have 3 hours’ free electricity a day
First periods of +2C warming
2027
Delhi becomes most populous city in world
UN DESA, 2018
3 more men become trillionaires
2028
40m people use GLP-1s, 44% in US
UBS, 2025
Africa has highest global GDP growth of 4.4%
IMF, 2025
⚡︎ AGI (artificial general intelligence) develops
2029
65% of global middle class lives in Asia
OECD, 2023
China is biggest world economy with GDP of $26trn
HSBC, 2017
60% of world population live in cities
UN, 2019
15% of all vehicles on roads globally are EVs
IEA, 2025
Renewables provide 43% of global electricity generation
IEA, 2025
⚡︎ First large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computer
IBM, 2026
In the UK, Birmingham’s summer temperatures consistently exceed 40 degrees
40% shortfall in fresh water supply globally
GCEW, 2023
3 more men become trillionaires, bringing the total to 7
1.5C of global warming
IGCC, 2026
Dengue and malaria become more common at higher altitudes
CO2 emissions from electricity generation for data centres peak at 320 Mt
IEA, 2025
2030
No new all-petrol cars sold in UK
gov.uk, 2025
2031
Solar is world’s largest source of electricity
186-seat, 800-mile electric plane enters service
2032
Global consumption of meat, dairy, fish and other livestock-based foods up 13% from 2025
OECD-FAO, 2025
First mainline battery-electric trains in UK go into use in the Pennines
gov.uk, 2026
2034
90% of new cars sold in EU are zero-emission
EU, 2025
All new cars and vans in UK are zero-emission
gov.uk, 2025
2035
Nearly 1 in 7 people in UK are aged 75 or over
gov.uk, 2019
5.4bn people live in countries with high or extreme water stress
IEP, 2020
Fossil fuel boilers phased out in EU
EU, 2025
EVs make up 95% of new light-vehicles sold in China and 59% of those sold in North America
Arctic is nearly ice-free
37% of households in South Korea are single-person
2040
350m-high wooden skyscraper opens in Tokyo, becoming the world’s tallest wooden building
2041
⚡︎ The singularity occurs
2045
UK population rises to 76.7m, through migration
2046
Global crop yields down 8% from 2025
Global use of plastics is 884 Mt, up from 464 Mt in 2020
AMOC hits tipping point of irreversible shutdown
MRI-ESM2-0 - IOPScience, 2025 
12.4bn passenger flights globally, a 3x rise from 2025
UN, 2025
68% of world population live in urban areas, up from 55% in 2018
UN DESA, 2018
Global demand for oil peaks
IEA, 2025
8m homes in England (1 in 4) are in areas at risk of flooding
1 in 4 people in UK are aged 65 or over
ONS, 2019
Amazon rainforest hits tipping point of degradation
Nature, 2024
African population is 2.5bn, making up 1 in 4 people globally and 35% of the world’s youth
UN, 2022
15% collapse in global GDP
IFoA, 2025
1.2bn climate migrants
IEP, 2020
3.79bn people - 41% of world population - experience extreme heat
Heat in India crosses the survivability limit for healthy humans
2.4bn people in urban areas face water scarcity
Global volumes of waste up 81% from 2020
WRAP, 2025
3.3bn people – one third of the planet – face water stress
GEO-7/UNEP, 2025
UK aviation has risen by 70% (from 2018) and uses 36% of UK’s carbon budget
2050
2055
UK experiences summer temperatures of 45C and 9 days above 40C
2056
Road traffic in UK up 54% from 2022 levels
gov.uk, 2022
2060
World population peaks at 9.5bn in median fertility scenario
2061
2065
Ozone layer recovers to 1980 levels
UN WMO, 2025
2066
1m of sea level rise
ICCI, 2024
7% of EU aged 85+
Bruegel, 2025
Africa’s population is 3bn+
UN, 2024
26% of properties in London affected by subsidence
2070
More than 95% of people are formally educated to primary level or above, in all but 24 countries
Our World in Data/Wittgenstein Centre, 2024
2075
22-39% of people globally live outside of ’prime human habitat’
50% GDP destruction “somewhere between 2070 and 2090”
IFoA, 2025
2080
2085
Coastal erosion events in Australia now occur 14x more often than in 2025
ACS, 2025
2090
2095
Global staple crop yields down 23%
2099
China population is 633m, with 36% of people working-age
UN, 2024; WEF, 2025
Lagos to Abidjan in West Africa is largest zone of dense, continuous habitation on Earth, with population of 0.5bn
Peterborough, UK uninhabitable due to flooding; 97% of residents in Amsterdam and New Orleans and 98% in Manila displaced by flooding
UKGBC, 2025; earth.org, 2020
50% of species at risk of extinction
Life expectancy is 92 in Australia, 90.5 in UK, 89 in EU and NA, 86 in Latin America, 85 in Asia
At 3+C warming, 40% damage to global GDP
UNSW, 2025
Global crop yields down 24% from 2025
⚡︎ Fusion energy makes up 10% of global electricity generation
IAEA/MIT, 2025
More than 8/10 people live in Asia and Africa, with 38% of global population in Africa and 45% in Asia
36-50% of viable land globally for animal agriculture grazing has lost viability
PIK/PNAS, 2026
2100
3m of sea level rise in “early 2100s”
ICCI, 2024
2105
3C global warming
CMIP7/Carbon Brief, 2026
2110
2115
2120
2125

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